1. SAP Transaction
A transaction is a unique code within the SAP system, meaning it is not repeated, allowing the execution of a specific program or set of programs. Transaction codes are generally short for easy user recall. Those starting with the letter Z are user-created transactions.
2. SAP Easy Access
This serves as SAP's initial screen, providing access to perform all SAP operations. It is compound by several elements, here is a list describing some of them:
2.1 Standard Toolbar
This toolbar is ever-present on any SAP screen, featuring essential buttons such as save, enter, print, etc.
- Enter or Continue - Allows continuing with an operation.
- Command Field - Input the transaction code for navigation.
- Save - Used to save entered data on a screen.
- Back - Returns to the previous screen without saving entered data.
- Exit - Used to exit the current application, returning to the previous screen.
- Cancel - Used to exit the current screen without saving.
- Print - Used to print the current screen's data.
- Find and Find Next - Used to search for a character string.
- Pagination controls - Used to move forward, backward, go to the end, or return to the beginning.
- Generate New Mode - Opens another SAP system screen.
- Create Shortcut - Creates a shortcut in SAP Logon.
- Help - Obtains help for any field on the screen. Also F1.
- Adjust Local Device - Users can configure the PC running SAP, modifying color, font, and font size.
2.2 Application Bar
Located between the title bar and the main screen, this bar's functionalities depend exclusively on the transaction.
2.3 Status Bar
Found at the bottom of the screen, its primary function is to display information, warnings, errors, or success messages shown by the current application during navigation.
- SAP database name.
- The mode number corresponding to the current screen.
- The client we are connected to.
- The operating system level server name we are connected to.
- The writing mode we are in. Possible values can be INS (insert mode) and OVR (overwrite mode). We can switch between them by pressing the insert key on our keyboard.
2.4 Title Bar
Located between the standard toolbar and the application bar, its function is to display the description or title of the current application.
2.5 Dropdown Menu
This basic tool is used for navigation through different SAP system screens. From this menu, we can have full control over applications. The dropdown menu has "System" and "Help" options fixed on the right side.
2.6 Favorites
Users can create their own menu with frequently used transactions, forming a tree structure with folders, subfolders, and transactions.
2.7 SAP Menu
The SAP menu, represented by a hierarchical structure of folders, contains transactions grouped by modules and processes. If transaction technical names are not visible in the menu, this option can be activated in: Details → Options and Check option 4 → Display technical names.
3. Using the Command Field
To access transactions, there are two options. One is to type the transaction code in the command field and press enter. The other is to search for the transaction in the SAP menu or favorites. If we are within a transaction and want to open another, we can type /oSE16 in the command field, and a new window with the indicated transaction will open, or /nSE16, and the same window will be used to access the indicated transaction.
4. Elements Within Transactions
When working within a transaction, we encounter other elements that must be understood.
- Title Bar
- Transaction Toolbar
- Tabs
- Matchcode
- Dropdown List
- Selection Box
- Selection Buttons